What does high TGF-beta mean?
What does high TGF-beta mean?
What does it mean if your TGF-b1 result is too high? – TGF B-1 is often chronically over-expressed in disease states, including cancer, fibrosis and inflammation. – TGF B-1 is moderately to extremely high in Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome due to water-damaged buildings (CIRS).
What is TGF-beta used for?
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a highly pleiotropic cytokine that plays an important role in wound healing, angiogenesis, immunoregulation and cancer. The cells of the immune system produce the TGF-β1 isoform, which exerts powerful anti-inflammatory functions, and is a master regulator of the immune response.
Does TGF-beta cause inflammation?
TGF-β also plays a major role under inflammatory conditions. TGF-β in the presence of IL-6 drives the differentiation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells, which can promote further inflammation and augment autoimmune conditions [15].
What does TGF-beta do in Marfan syndrome?
TGF-β levels play a major role in the pathogenesis of Marfan syndrome, a disease characterized by disproportionate height, long extremities, lens dislocation in the eyes and heart complications such as mitral valve prolapse and aortic enlargement increasing the likelihood of aortic dissection.
What are the effects of TGF beta 1?
TGF beta-1 Actions Elevated TGF beta-1 with low CD4+CD25+ cells drives production of antibodies to gliadin and cardiolipin. It may drive production of other antibodies also. Inhibits IL-1 and IL-2 dependent T cell proliferation. Inhibits activation of both T helper and cytotoxic T cells.
What happens to TGF-beta 1 in CIRS?
If T-regs are low, TGF- beta 1 can transform them into pathogenic T-cells in tissues, as happens in CIRS cases. This transformation may depend in part on IL-6. The net result is a positive feedback loop in which more TGF-beta gets produced.
What is role of transforming growth factor beta 1?
As a growth factor, TGF-beta-1 regulates immune and tissue cell growth and proliferation. TGF beta-1 is thought of as an immune suppressant (anti-inflammatory) but this is not true if you are turning on TH 17 cells and there is conversion of T regulatory cells in tissue to pathogenic T cells at the same time.
How often can I take losartan for TGF beta 1?
The net result is a positive feedback loop in which more TGF-beta gets produced. This TGF beta-1-induced conversion of T-regs into pathogenic T cells has been shown to be reduced using Losartan at a dose of 25 mg twice daily.