What is differentiation syndrome in AML?

Differentiation syndrome (DS; originally called “retinoic acid syndrome”) is a potentially fatal complication of treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with all-trans retinoic acid and/or arsenic trioxide, treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inhibitors of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH; eg, IDH2 …

What is the most common cytogenetic abnormality of acute promyelocytic leukemia?

Up to 40 % of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have an additional chromosomal abnormality other than PML-RARA [1], recognized as secondary cytogenetic abnormalities; +8 is the most frequent (10 %–15 %).

What are the symptoms of differentiation syndrome?

The typical signs and symptoms of the differentiation syndrome include fever, hypotension, dyspnea, weight gain of more than 5 kg, and pulmonary infiltrates in chest radiograph.

Is there a differentiation syndrome in acute promyelocytic leukemia?

The differentiation syndrome in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia: experience of the pethema group and review of the literature. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2011; 3:e2011059.

How is differentiation syndrome ( DS ) treated in APL?

Differentiation syndrome (DS), originally described as retinoic acid syndrome, is a relatively common and serious complication that can occasionally be life-threatening in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) undergoing induction therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and/or arsenic trioxide (ATO).

How do we prevent and treat differentiation syndrome in patients?

Introduction. Differentiation syndrome (DS), originally described as retinoic acid syndrome, is a relatively common and serious complication that can occasionally be life-threatening in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) undergoing induction therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and/or arsenic trioxide (ATO).

What are predictive factors for all-trans retinoic acid related differentiation syndrome?

Leblebjian H, DeAngelo DJ, Skirvin JA, et al. Predictive factors for all-trans retinoic acid-related differentiation syndrome in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leuk Res 2013; 37:747. Frankel SR, Eardley A, Lauwers G, et al.