What is Typhoidal tularemia?

Typhoidal tularemia refers to a febrile illness caused by Francisella tularensis that is not associated with prominent lymphadenopathy and does not fit into any of the other major forms (ulceroglandular, glandular, oculoglandular, pharyngeal, pnemonic).

Is Ulceroglandular tularemia fatal?

Tularemia spreads to humans in several ways, including insect bites and direct exposure to an infected animal. Tularemia is highly contagious and potentially fatal, but can usually be treated effectively with specific antibiotics if diagnosed early.

Do ticks carry tularemia?

Ticks that transmit tularemia to humans include the dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis), the wood tick (D. andersoni), and the lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum). Other transmission routes include deer fly bite, inhalation, ingestion, and through skin contact with infected animals.

Is tularemia the same as Lyme disease?

Though Lyme disease gets a lot of attention, it is only one of many serious tick-borne diseases – including tularemia.

What are the signs and symptoms of oculoglandular tularemia?

The symptoms of oculoglandular tularemia, or infection of the eye, can include: The symptoms of oropharyngeal tularemia, or infection through ingestion of the bacteria, can include: The symptoms of the rarest form of this disease, typhoidal tularemia, can include: Typhoidal tularemia can lead to pneumonia and an enlarged liver and spleen.

How is glandular tularemia similar to an ulcer?

Glandular Similar to ulceroglandular tularemia but without an ulcer. Also generally acquired through the bite of an infected tick or deer fly or from handling sick or dead animals. Oculoglandular This form occurs when the bacteria enter through the eye. This can occur when a person is butchering an infected animal and touches his or her eyes.

What are the symptoms of orophyangeal tularemia?

Patients with orophyangeal tularemia may have sore throat, mouth ulcers, tonsillitis, and swelling of lymph glands in the neck. Pneumonic This is the most serious form of tularemia. Symptoms include cough, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. This form results from breathing dusts or aerosols containing the organism.

Can a tick bite cause an oculoglandular tularemia?

Ulceroglandular/glandular tularemia. Seventy-five to 85% of all cases are of this type. This type is contracted through the bite of an infected tick that has defecated bacteria-laden feces in the area of the bite wound. A tender red bump appears in the area of the original wound. Over a few weeks, the bump develops a punched-out center (ulcer).