What is the minimum wake turbulence separation criteria when a light aircraft is taking off behind a medium aircraft and both are using the same runway?

A separation minimum of 2 minutes will be applied between a light or medium aircraft and a heavy aircraft when operating on a runway with a displaced landing threshold when:- a) A departure follows a heavy aircraft arrival; or b) An arrival follows a heavy aircraft departure if the projected flight paths are expected …

What is the minimum radar separation for a heavy b747 aircraft behind a heavy b747 at a recat facility?

The new separation standards result in reducing the old 4 mile requirement to Minimum Radar Separation of 2.5 to 3 miles and save the Company both time and fuel.

How much wake turbulence separation is required for a small aircraft following a heavy aircraft departing from the same position on the runway?

The requirement is that a minimum of 5 nm shall be maintained between a Heavy (including A380-800) and any lower category aircraft which is following or crossing behind at the same level or less than 1000 ft below. No special longitudinal wake turbulence separations based on time are required.

What are the implications of a wake vortices at airports?

Wake turbulence from the generating aircraft can affect encountering aircraft due to the strength, duration, and direction of the vortices. Wake turbulence can impose rolling moments exceeding the roll-control authority of encountering aircraft, causing possible injury to occupants and damage to aircraft.

How are multiple vortices generated in a wake vortex?

Multiple vortices occasionally develop with the use of ailerons or with aircrafts with multiple flaps. These multiple vortices combine in a wake vortex generated for each wing. Like a hurricane, a wake vortex consists of a core surrounded by an area of circularly rotating wind.

Why are wake turbulence and wake vortices real hazards?

The results confirmed that wake turbulence and wake vortices are real flying hazards. These hazards became clearer on flying safety as well as on passengers safety. Aircraft characteristics as weight and wingspan and climate changes of wind, air pressure and air density alter wake turbulence.

When is a wake vortex a safety issue?

2 What is Wake Vortex? Wake vortex encounter (WVE) is often recognised as a safety issue for aircraft on initial climb and final approach. However, wake turbulence can also be encountered en route, where the risk of injury to occupants will be increased since seat belt signs will often be off and/or cabin service in progress.

How are the vortices on a tubercled wing different?

Sweeping the tubercled wing resulted in one vortex in each vortex pair being at least 4 times stronger than the other. There was little difference between the strength of the wingtip vortices of either wing at 3°. From 6° onwards tubercles reduced the strength of the wingtip vortex.