What causes ground glass hepatocytes?

“Ground-glass” hepatocytes are liver cells which have eosinophilic granular, glassy cytoplasm on light microscopy. This appearance corresponds to a proliferated smooth endoplasmic reticulum ultrastructure. These changes may be drug-induced or associated with hepatitis B antigenaemia, particularly in carriers.

What are hepatocyte rosettes?

Cholestatic rosettes are considered to be a form of biliary metaplasia of hepatocytes, linking with newly-formed bile ductules in adjacent septa and probably providing some protection from injury caused by abnormal bile constituents.

What is piecemeal necrosis?

Piecemeal necrosis is defined as the appearance of destroyed hepatocytes and lymphocytic infiltration at the interface between the limiting plate of periportal hepatocyte parenchymal cells and portal tracts (interface hepatitis).

What is the pathogenesis of hepatitis B?

Pathogenesis. Hepatitis B virus is dangerous because it attacks the liver, thus inhibiting the functions of this vital organ. The virus causes persistent infection, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and immune complex disease.

What makes a GGH a ground glass hepatocyte?

H&E stain. In liver pathology, a ground glass hepatocyte, abbreviated GGH, is a liver parenchymal cell with a flat hazy and uniformly dull appearing cytoplasm on light microscopy. The cytoplasm’s granular homogeneous eosinophilic staining is caused by the presence of HBsAg .

How are ground glass inclusions used in liver biopsy?

inclusions in both liver biopsy and postmortem specimens from individuals without serologic evidence of hepatitis B virus in- fection and without the other recognized etiologies of such inclusions. This report describes 10 cases (8 liver biopsy, 2 postmortem) in which ground-glass, PAS-positive inclusions were a prominent histopathologic feature.

What causes granular homogeneous eosinophilic staining in hepatitis B?

The cytoplasm’s granular homogeneous eosinophilic staining is caused by the presence of HBsAg . The appearance is classically associated with abundant hepatitis B antigen in the endoplasmic reticulum, but may also be drug-induced. In the context of hepatitis B, GGHs are only seen in chronic infections, i.e. they are not seen in acute hepatitis B.

What can be done about ballooned hepatocytes in the liver?

The intermediate filament cytoskeleton was investigated using keratin 8 and 18 immunohistochemistry in liver diseases associated with enlarged or ballooned hepatocytes.