What does cathepsin b do?

Structurally, cathepsin B is a bilobal protein with cysteine, histidine, and aspartic acid forming active site of the enzyme at the interface between the two lobes [37]. Cathepsin B can function as an endopeptidase, cleaving internal peptide bonds, as well as an exopeptidase (carboxydipeptidase activity) [37, 38].

Where is cathepsin B?

Cathepsin B is a lysosomal protease that is expressed almost exclusively in all mammalian lysosomes and is found to be overexpressed in many cancer cells.

How do cysteine proteases work?

Cysteine proteases, also known as thiol proteases, are hydrolase enzymes that degrade proteins. These proteases share a common catalytic mechanism that involves a nucleophilic cysteine thiol in a catalytic triad or dyad. The proportion of protease tends to be higher when the fruit is unripe.

What causes proteolysis?

Proteolysis occurs when the peptide bonds holding a protein together are hydrolyzed. This often occurs through catalysis by proteases, enzymes that are involved in the breakdown of proteins.

How does loss of cathepsin B lead to lysosomal dysfunction?

CtsB/L inhibition and not the inhibition of CtsD led to lysosomal impairment assessed by decreased degradation of EGF receptor, enhanced LysoTracker staining and accumulation of several lysosomal proteins LC3II, NPC1 and NPC2.

What is the function of cathepsin B in humans?

For the Canadian agency, see Transportation Safety Board of Canada. Cathepsin B belongs to a family of lysosomal cysteine proteases and plays an important role in intracellular proteolysis. In humans, cathepsin B is encoded by the CTSB gene.

How does cysteine CTSB / L relate to lysosomal function?

Here, we show that cysteine CtsB/L, and not the aspartyl cathepsin D (CtsD), represent a major lysosomal protease (s) that control lysosomal function, intracellular cholesterol trafficking and AD-like amyloidogenic features.

How is cathepsin B related to acetaminophen?

Cathepsin B is a lysosomal protease that is involved in lysosomal disruption and apoptosis. Moreover, cathepsin B–mediated hepatocytes apoptosis also contributes to both the progress of the pathogenesis of fulminant hepatic failure and acetaminophen hepatotoxicity.