How many esophageal constrictions are there?

The esophagus has 3 constrictions in its vertical course, as follows: The first constriction is at 15 cm from the upper incisor teeth, where the esophagus commences at the cricopharyngeal sphincter; this is the narrowest portion of the esophagus and approximately corresponds to the sixth cervical vertebra.

What are the characteristics of the esophagus?

The esophagus is a flattened muscular tube of 18 to 26 cm from the upper sphincter to the lower sphincter. Between swallows the esophagus is collapsed but the lumen can distend to approximately 2 cm in the anterior-posterior dimension and up to 3 cm laterally to accommodate a swallowed bolus.

What are the three regions of the esophagus?

The esophagus is subdivided into three anatomical segments: cervical, thoracic, and abdominal. The cervical segment begins at the cricopharyngeus and terminates at the suprasternal notch. This segment lies just behind the trachea, to which it is joined via loose connective tissues.

Where are the constrictions of the esophagus located?

The esophagus has 4 areas where the lumen is narrow compared to the rest of the oesphagus. They are: Beginning of oesophagus ( pharyngoesophageal junction) – 6 inches from incisor teeth level where a rch of aorta crosses oesophagus – 9 inches from incisor teeth

Which is the narrowest part of the oesophagus?

Oesophagus has four constrictions: 1st constriction : at the beginning of oesophagus, at the level of C6 vertebra (15 cms/ 6 inches from incisor teeth). This is the narrowest part of oesophagus. 2nd constriction : where the arch of aorta crosses it, at the level of T3 vertebra (22.5 cms/9 inches from incisor teeth)

Is the lower esophageal sphincter under conscious control?

The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is not under conscious control and works to prevent stomach acid from traveling into the esophagus. Alcohol, as well as several types of prescription medications, can cause relaxation of the LES leading to reflux.

What causes a hole to form in the esophagus?

Perforated Esophagus. A perforated esophagus is a condition in which a hole is formed in the esophagus and is a medical emergency. It may occur due to procedures (such as endoscopy), trauma (such as a gunshot), from swallowing caustic materials or sharp objects, or due to conditions that cause thinning of the esophageal wall.