How do diesel unit injectors work?

The fuel injection system lies at the very heart of the diesel engine. By pressurising and injecting the fuel, the system forces it into air that has been compressed to high pressure in the combustion chamber. high-pressure pipe – sends fuel to the injection nozzle. injection nozzle – injects the fuel into the cylinder.

What is the working principle of a fuel injector pump?

It rotates at half crankshaft speed in a conventional four-stroke diesel engine. Its timing is such that the fuel is injected only very slightly before top dead centre of that cylinder’s compression stroke. It is also common for the pump belt on gasoline engines to be driven directly from the camshaft.

What is the function of injector in diesel engine?

Abstract: The purpose of the fuel injection system is to deliver fuel into the engine cylinders, while precisely controlling the injection timing, fuel atomization, and other parameters. The main types of injection systems include pump-line-nozzle, unit injector, and common rail.

How does a unit injector work in a diesel engine?

Unit injector. A Unit injector (UI) is a high pressure integrated direct fuel injection system for diesel engines, combining the injector nozzle and the injection pump in a single component. The plunger pump used is usually driven by a shared camshaft. In a unit injector, the device is usually lubricated and cooled by the fuel itself.

When did they start using unit injectors in trucks?

In 1993, CAT and International Truck & Engine Corporation introduced “hydraulically actuated electronic unit injection” (HEUI), where the injectors are no longer camshaft-operated and could pressurize fuel independently from engine RPM. First available on Navistar’s 7.3L /444 cuin, V8 diesel engine.

What kind of unit injector does international use?

International also used the HEUI system for multiple engines including the DT 466E, DT 570, T-444E, DT-466–570, MaxxForce 5, 7, 9, 10, MaxxForce DT and VT365 engines.

Which is the first heavy duty diesel engine to use electronic unit injection?

In 1985, Detroit Diesel’s Series 92 two-stroke engine became the first heavy-duty diesel engine to adopt electronically controlled unit injection [2151]. Since this introduction of electronic control, unit injectors continued to evolve to higher levels of sophistication.