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What are the 3 steps of the initiation of translation?

What are the 3 steps of the initiation of translation?

Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.

What are the initiation factors involved in eukaryotic translation?

Eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are proteins or protein complexes involved in the initiation phase of eukaryotic translation. These proteins help stabilize the formation of ribosomal preinitiation complexes around the start codon and are an important input for post-transcription gene regulation.

Where does translation initiation occur in eukaryotes?

The initiation codon of a eukaryotic mRNA is normally the first AUG triplet downstream of the 5′-terminal cap and is usually separated from it by 50–100 nt. After cap-mediated attachment to mRNA, a 43S complex is thought to scan downstream from the 5′-end until it encounters the initiation codon.

What is the initiation step of translation?

Initiation of translation occurs when mRNA, tRNA, and an amino acid meet up inside the ribosome. Once translation has begun, it continues down the line as mRNA shifts along through the ribosome. Each new codon matches with a new tRNA anticodon, bringing in a new amino acid to lengthen the chain.

What are the 6 steps of translation?

Translation is executed in six steps: (i) binding of mRNA to ribosome, (ii) aminoacylation, (iii) initiation, (iv) elongation, (v) termination and (vi) post-translational modification, (i) Binding of mRNA to ribosome. I. binding of mRNA to ribosome.

What are the steps of eukaryotic translation?

Eukaryotic translation is the biological process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in eukaryotes. It consists of four phases: initiation, elongation, termination, and recycling.

What is the initiation step in translation?

The first step in translation, initiation, begins when an mRNA binds to a free light ribosomal subunit. A transfer RNA molecule then brings the first amino acid to the light subunit of the ribosome. Other protein factors join this assemblage and then the heavy ribosomal subunit binds to complete initiation.

Where is translation in eukaryotes?

In eukaryotes, translation occurs in the cytosol or across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum in a process called co-translational translocation. In co-translational translocation, the entire ribosome/mRNA complex binds to the outer membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum…